Policy of Neutrality and the United States of America

In 1792, the European struggle began which started when the French Revolution concluded with the Napoleonic Wars. During the same year, the American government first noticed that a state of war subsisted when Thomas Jefferson, then the American Secretary of State, received a message from the French Minister at Philadelphia. In reply to the notification, Jefferson assured that the United States will remain forthcoming to France â€Å"and render all those good offices which shall be consistent with the duties of a neutral nation.†(Hyneman) During that time, President Washington was art Mount Vernon, this statement from the Secretary of State seemed to be the only direct acknowledgement by the government; thus, the United States was placed in an arrangement of a neutral state. Alongside the implementation of the policy, there were various acts and bills that were made and ratified to effectively compromise with the current state of the nation. Amongst the bill, acts, treaties that were made during that time were the Non-Intercourse Act, Macon’s Bill No.2, Pickney’s Treaty, Treaty of 1778 and the Convention of 1800 (Brodeur). For most of the treaties and acts that were made, it became ineffective and unimportant for most of its existence. The Neutrality Policy fulfilled the idealistic objectives of the nation but it did not fulfill the realistic objectives of the country. The United States did not want to partake in the European War and they were successful in doing so by agreeing with France; however, the acts and bills that were signed to further protect themselves from war caused them futile or even more losses. Works Cited: Brodeur, Paul. â€Å"Restitution: The Land Claims of the Mashpee, Passamaquoddy, and Penobscot Indians of New England.† American ndian Quarterly 12.4 (1988): 337-39 pp. MArch 2, 2008 . Hyneman, Charles S. â€Å"Neutrality During the European Wars of 1792-1815: America's Understanding of Her Obligations † The American Journal of Internationla Law 24.2 (1930): 279-309 pp. March 2, 2008 .      

Laertes and Polonius Essay

When Ophelia tells her father of Hamlet’s â€Å"holy vows from heaven,† his harsh rebuke â€Å"springes to catch woodcocks† likens her to a game bird considered to be foolish. He later speaks of her as if she were nothing more than an animal; â€Å"I’ll loose my daughter to him† (II. ii. 160) which again indicates his lack of respect for his daughter. He and Claudius were concerned only with Hamlet and so she becomes lost in a â€Å"sea of troubles. † Ophelia highlights key themes in the play, building on the ideas of deception, corruption and patriarchy that run through it. Two central themes of the play are deception and the problem of making a distinction between appearance and reality. Few things in the play are what they seem to be; Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are apparently Hamlet’s friends, but are in fact spies commissioned by Claudius. There is a play within ‘Hamlet’ itself. Spying or eavesdropping occurs and â€Å"smiling villains† referred to. The actions of Ophelia also highlight this idea in a variety of ways. Ophelia is also used to portray the theme by the use of imagery. Polonius instructs her to â€Å"read on this book, / that show of such an exercise may colour / your loneliness. We are oft to blame in this, / ’tis too much proved, that with devotion’s visage / and pious action we do sugar o’er /the devil himself† (III. i. 44-49). This shows how a holy face can be put on something to cover evil deeds. The expressions of love may appear truthful to Ophelia, who speaks of Hamlet’s ‘affection’ for her, but (if Polonius and Laertes are to be believed) in reality they may be false, concealing less honourable intentions. Polonius swears that the ‘tenders of (Hamlet’s) affections’ for her are mere ‘brokers, not of that dye which their investments show / But mere implorators of unholy suits. † They may be traps, ‘springes to catch woodcocks. ‘ Ophelia also attempts to deceive Hamlet when she partakes in her father’s attempt to discover the cause of Hamlet’s unusual behaviour. She appears to be alone and lies that her father is â€Å"at home† when in reality he is eavesdropping on their conversation. As previously discussed, Ophelia may only appear to be a naive, innocent maid and be, in reality, the very opposite. In addition, her true madness contrasts with and therefore highlights the false nature of Hamlet’s. Hamlet comments upon how â€Å"God hath given you /one face, and you make yourselves another† and Ophelia does present various ‘faces’ to different characters, according to her relationship to them- acting innocent with her father, yet far less so in dealings with Hamlet. Hamlet also refers to the masking of reality by Ophelia when he says â€Å"I have heard of your paintings-† Hamlet believes that Ophelia may be deceiving him. If the interpretation that she commits suicide is correct, then the innocent imagery is another expression of the theme of illusion: her death appears to be an accident, but in reality is not. Through the play runs the idea of necessity of revenge for the cleansing of social corruption. This corruption is portrayed in Ophelia’s demise, which also hints at the downfall of Elsinore. Imagery Hamlet adopts in his first soliloquy implies general corruption of the world and he states that â€Å"things rank and gross in nature / Possess it† (I.ii. 136-137). He therefore aims to cleanse what is rotten in Denmark, but his failure to do so allows the triumph of disease and decay. Laertes warns Ophelia that â€Å"virtue itself ‘scapes not calumnious strokes,/ the canker galls the infants of the spring. † In addition to Shakespeare employing many images of disease and decay, he also includes several expressions relating to physical deterioration such as â€Å"the fatness of these pursy times† (III. iv. 154) and â€Å"the drossy age† (V. ii. 181). Ophelia’s own deterioration accentuates the theme but while all others perish due to their weaknesses, her demise is brought about by her virtues. Ophelia dies from loving too much and for being too pure. The potential of a stronger, wiser side to her character (hinted at by her comebacks at Laertes) is never realised. The coarse nature of the songs she sings in her madness shows that the corrupt world has taken its toll on the pure Ophelia. As discussed, throughout the play she represents innocence, emphasised by imagery and language. Her drowning depicts the death of innocence itself, thus indicates Hamlet’s failure and impending disaster for the court. It has been suggested that Shakespeare’s plays â€Å"reflect and voice a masculine anxiety about the uses of patriarchal power over women, specifically about man’s control over woman’s sexuality. i † (i Coppelia Kahn 1981 Man’s Estate: Masculine Identity in Shakespeare). This could indeed be true of ‘Hamlet,’ where the political world of Elsinore is shown not to be a place where women matter much, and this leads to their destruction. They do not have a say in anything; the world is presented as one where men are dominant and, if necessary, prepared to use women (even their own family) to benefit them in terms of power. Ophelia exemplifies this, confused by what is happening around her as she strives to do what Polonius, Laertes and Hamlet want her to. Polonius does not advise Ophelia to be true to herself as he advises Laertes, but points out that Hamlet has the freedom to do as he wishes whereas she does not. She is subject to the double standard of the difference between male and female freedom of choice and action. Laertes is treated very differently by his father in comparison to the lack of regard he shows Ophelia. Ophelia’s wishes are never considered- women had little status. Gertrude, too, has limited influence. Claudius and Polonius wield the power. Both women die but Ophelia’s end bears particular significance because she is driven to it by events she cannot control. Her death indicates the corrupting effects of the male-dominated political realm of Elsinore, in which, as Polonius shows, there is little room for the consideration of love. All of the characters fail in the sinful world of Elsinore, where there is no possibility for a fulfilled life. Ophelia’s demise adds to Shakespeare’s bleak message that evil can triumph. Defeat seems inevitable, whether they accept the conditions of Elsinore and live with the deceitful principles of the political world as Polonius does, or seek out love, as Ophelia does, or attempt to find sense in things, like Hamlet. In conclusion, through Ophelia a greater appreciation of other characters is achievable. She illuminates aspects of Hamlet- his suspicion of women and indecisiveness and, by comparison and contrast with her, also his strength, nobility and sanity. She gives insight into his nature both prior to and following his father’s death, therefore allowing the audience a better understanding of (and more sympathy for) him. Also revealed are aspects of Laertes and Polonius’ characters. Shakespeare uses Ophelia to add more depth to the themes of the play, namely the dangers of patriarchy, illusion and corruption. It is through Ophelia that Shakespeare achieves a genuinely tragic response to the play ‘Hamlet’.

Asnwer all the questions on the paper after reading and watching some Essay

Asnwer all the questions on the paper after reading and watching some materials - Essay Example As explained in Genesis 11:9 from the Bible where the title was drawn, Babel is where God confused the people who once had one language. In the entirety of the movie, confusions abound, a fact that one cannot deny is in abundance in lives around the world regardless of age, status, gender, education or political beliefs and affiliations. Richard and Susan, the couple who went on vacation to Morocco, trying to mend the damages their loss of their child brought to their marriage show many symbolisms in their character. For instance, in their attempt to get over the loss of their child, one would wonder why they chose Morocco. Whether it was planned well or not is not the issue, but the message the director wanted to send to viewers. One hypothesis could be the intensity of the emotions of the couple which they were not able to express, could be well displayed in their choice of place. It could also symbolize the state they are in, with their love for each other still hot however is drying out because of the confusions they are going through with the loss of their child. Their choice could also be interpreted in accordance to general observations that, when a person is troubled, he usually makes hasty decisions which usually leads to more problems. The character of Chieko, the deaf Japanese girl who was encountering problems regarding growing up in addition to the loss of her mother represents the vulnerable, usually misunderstood and abused in their weaknesses. The usual uniform of Japanese students is one of the symbolisms that was misconstrued, being short enough to show the form of the user. It has been taken as a sexual invitation when the young girl was still innocent about such matters. This could draw one’s attention to avoid stereotyping rather understanding customs and traditions before drawing conclusions. Facial expressions

International hospitality- To critically evaluated marketing strategic Essay

International hospitality- To critically evaluated marketing strategic in accommodation sector - Essay Example This is possible only when the products and services match the best possible industry standards and then excel in as many aspects as possible related to customer service and experience.   Sales and promotional activities, aimed at promoting and marketing a hotel are taken up by every management but effective ones do this in a way unique to them. Marketing concepts of the hotel industry need to be understood as the process by which the customer is informed about the availability of the services and goods that meet their expectations and needs on the right time and at the right place, (Frolick, and Ariyachandra, 2006). It needs to arouse their  interest and sustain it in what the hotel has to offer. The marketing aspect should be able to arouse a strong desire in the minds of the customer to try out what is offered, and then gently nudge them towards being the client of the hotel in the long run. The Hospitality industry provides both tangible and intangible services. Good food tha t satisfies the appetite, comfortable beds that provide a good night restful sleep, wide range of beverages that provide a sense of having tasted some of the finest drinks available, are some of the most tangible benefits that the clients look forward to during their visits, (Aylsworth, 1996). If a hotel management staff fails to meet any of these above client expectations, then it is hard for them to sustain in the competitive hospitality industry. As a result, it is important for the hotel management to meet these standards and must closely focus on every little edge they have over the others in order to please and attract customers, (Lowson, King, and Hunter, 1999). A Hotel’s efficiency and effectiveness will depend on the ability of its management staff to frame the right strategies for marketing and lead the marketing team and the entire staff in implementing that strategy. It goes without saying that such an approach requires the marketing department to be staffed adequ ately with the right kind of personals. However, there should not be extravagant expenditure on the marketing aspect.   The Hospitality Industry has definitely changed with times. By its very nature, it is a matrix of several inter-related consumer oriented services, each of which can be seen as an independent one also. It can face unexpected crises, surges and slumps, challenges and opportunities. Hotel Industry needs to possess strategic planning techniques in anticipation as well as in speedy response to such situations. Such preparedness has to be maximum in marketing functions.  Uncertainties challenge the ingenuity of the hotel staff and management and effective planning has to factor in the long term goals of the management, into the current and contingency plans in response to emerging uncertainties, (Aylsworth, 1996). This way, the management can avoid the derailing of their long term goals when challenges arise. Such integrated planning both for long term goals and cur rent realities is called Strategic planning. Marketing on these lines is called strategic marketing. Strategic Marketing should be able to convert challenges into opportunities, in keeping with the hotel management’s long term goals.  In fact,  a well designed marketing plan is actually the integration of  strategic  plans with the various aspects of marketing. Due to the ever

Problems Stemming from the Economic Crisis and Potential Recovery Research Paper

Problems Stemming from the Economic Crisis and Potential Recovery - Research Paper Example The policies adopted by the governments are aimed at enhancing sustainable economic growth by ensuring that the structural and macroeconomic causes of the recession are addressed. Through adoption of effective policies that ensures the stability of the supply side of the economy, macroeconomic benefits would ultimately emerge. First, they ensure fiscal sustainability since they add credibility to the borrowing demands by the government. Secondly, they enhance redeployment of resources due to the fact that they use the opportunities that emerged after the structural changes that emerged after the recession. One of the implications of the recession was the reduced level of research and development (R&D). This was due to the contraction of the retained earnings which is the major source of financing R&D. In addition, many financial institutions have become more risk averse thus making it hard for companies to get external funds to support their research and development initiatives (OECD 12). ... In order to encourage development of new industries and to promote the spirit of entrepreneurship that is important in addressing the negativities of recession, most governments have emulated two essential strategies. First, governments have encouraged the growth of firms by reducing the administrative costs incurred by companies during their establishment. This also involves establishment of more favorable conditions for restructuring of poor performing companies. Secondly, government authorities have adopted easing of liquidity problems faced by small companies. In order to solve the liquidity problems, governments emulated strategies such as reduction of tax, factoring of tax receivables as well as export credit (OECD 8). Human investment Increasing investment in people is another strategy that is adopted by government authorities. This entails improving training and education so as to prepare individuals for the emerging job opportunities in various industries. Some of the polici es emulated by government authorities include, improving educational infrastructure system, integrating ICT and provision of school programs that encourage innovation (OECD 21). In addition, the economic recession is used by government as an opportunity to undertake reforms in higher education. Implication of economic recession on performance of General Motors Company General Motors (GM) is a US based automobile company that was largely affected by the economic recession. For example in 2007, the company lost $50 billion, while in 2008 the stock value of the company reduced by 76% (Emily and Phil 34). In its effort to enhance the performance of the

Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 6

Final paper - Essay Example It is time the government legalized the sale of organs. Legalization of organ sales will lower vital organs-related deaths boosting the supply of such organs, eliminating illicit organ markets, allowing access to cheaper organ transplant, and compensate donors. The demand for organs is overwhelming, and yet the supply is far too low. Right now, over 85,000 people in U.S. alone are on the list of those waiting for organs (Calandrillo 72). Out of these, a majority (about 60,000) requires a kidney, 17,000 are in desperate need of a liver, 4,000 are hoping for a lung, while 3,500 are desperate for a heart. The organs are the most important for the survival of any human being. Any defect in them can shorten a person’s life within a short period. The patients on the waitlist thus urgently need them as they are living on borrowed time. However, the supply of these organs is shockingly far much less. Calandrillo says that the year 2003 saw organs harvest from only 13,000 individuals to facilitate the mere 25,000 transplants in the U.S. (72). It means that the many patients who were not successful to get a required organ sadly died. Ironically, the painful shortage is because a majority of the organs go to the grave when the owners die. A lack of donation-appropriate organs is not a primary cause. A bumper sticker once read, â€Å"Please do not take your organs with you to heaven. Heaven understands that we are desperate for them here on the earth† (The Economist). Each year witnesses many Americans die in ways that would make it possible for an organ harvest. For example, some die in road accidents, others due to heart attacks and strokes but organs come from only a few of the possible donors. In fact, about 75% of the Americans are not ready to donate organ upon their death. Hence, the remaining percentage that have opted to offer an organ cannot sufficiently meet the national needs. The situation

Fashion Journalism and Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fashion Journalism and Scholarship - Essay Example The paper "Fashion Journalism and Scholarship" talks about the fashion Scholarship and Journalism. According to McRobbie, (2013), fashion journalism emphasize on visual information so that the magazine, newspapers and computer writings published by fashion journalists are scarce in written information but have many visual objects used to take into custody of the attention of the audience thus being able to influence them. Therefore, fashion journalism integrates fashion designs and journalism skills to present media information that has the potential to influence people. It also facilitates writing, reporting and criticizing of fashion design aspects. Scholarship of fashion provides detailed information about fashion designs, their purpose and the people to whom the fashion trend is applicable. Thus, unlike fashion journalism, scholarship journalism does not aim at increasing money from the designs by using visual information but provides appropriate details from which consumers are able to make their decisions. Fashion journalism promotes making of uniform decisions because individuals are influenced by what they see in the newspapers, magazines or articles and do not pause to ask its relevance to them while in scholarship journalism individuals have details that enhance proper decision making. In scholarship fashion individuals have to gather information that will convince consumers that their designs are better than others and why so that they are convinced to purchase them.

Victims of Organizational Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Victims of Organizational Crime - Essay Example Organizational crime is examined and prosecuted by the federal and state administrations. For most individuals, organizational crime is not observed as a crime at all, for the reason of its non-violent nature. Violent crime has an instant and apparent effect on its victims that raises the consideration of the public, whereas organizational crime repeatedly goes unnoticed or is observed as a bending of the rules. Organizational crime; on the other hand, can have more of an impact than violent crimes. The victim of a violent crime can recuperate, where as the victim of organizational crime can have immeasurable impact that can destroy one's home, family, and even life. The genuine problem behind organizational crime is not defining organizational crime, but developing the suitable means to correct this type of crime. Organizational crimes offenders are much more likely to be employed steadily than conventional criminals and are slightly less likely to be unemployed than the general public. Organizational crimes offenders are better educated than either conventional criminals or the general public. Organizational crimes offenders are more likely to be male and white than conventional offenders. Organizational crimes offenders are generally older than either conventional criminals or the general public. Organizational crimes offenders are much better off financially than conventional criminals, but not as well off as the general public. Organizational crimes offenders are more likely to have a prior arrest than the general public, but less likely than conventional criminals. A victim of organizational crime should gather and save all documentation that directly relates to the losses. If an arrest is made and a conviction is attained, the judge will think requiring the offender to pay victim for restitution. Victims of organizational crimes experience varying level of emotional trauma. A victim of organizational crime may feel some or all of the following: 1) Annoyance, antipathy, and a sense of infidelity toward the criminal for taking advantage of one. 2) Aggravation with criminal justice experts. 3) Disgrace, humiliation, and guilt if one feels one contributed to one's victimization. (Weisburd, et. al. 2001) Some victims find it helpful to seek the services of a counseling professional, clergy member, or advocacy organization. Contact your victim/witness coordinator if you need help in locating such services. A number of states, including Washington, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Rhode Island, Florida, and Oklahoma, have enacted Victims' Bills of Rights. These states have provided victims of crimes the right to be informed of state victim compensation programs, to be treated with dignity and compassion, to be provided with counseling and other forms of assistance by agencies established specifically to serve crime victims and to have certain procedural rights in the prosecution of the crime in which they were victimized, including the right to be notified of important developments in the case and to be heard on such questions as sentencing and parole. Although judges have long had the power to order organizational crime offenders to pay restitution to their victims, for a variety of

Analysis of Mobile Commerce Market in Hong Kong Essay

Analysis of Mobile Commerce Market in Hong Kong - Essay Example The report presents a review of Hong Kong mobile commerce markets together with areas where work has been undertaken to introduce new services and products for potential customers. It is noted, however, that the paper does not differentiate among the actions that have already been taken by mobile service providers in Hong Kong market, and the ones that are recommended by the authors in this report. There is no separate section to provide recommendations for improving the overall state of affairs. Even in the conclusion section of the paper, it is evident that the authors have made no efforts to provide any recommendation. The entire conclusion is a brief summary of the contents above it. No future grounds have been identified for the Hong Kong mobile commerce market and that causes the report to be just a compilation of facts (unconfirmed, as these are not referenced at many places in the text). It is difficult to establish the utility of such a report since it does not serve a great deal of useful purpose to audience in general, except to provide a summary of current market situation and industry trend in the Hong Kong mobile commerce market industry. The study presents some very interesting facts have been provided like WAP enabled mobiles, stock and news through mobile phones, credit card transactions and other interesting and knowledge enhancement uses of the mobile commerce technology. This provides a comprehensive insight into the mobile commerce industry and builds a foundation for developing feasibility analysis of market potential for m-commerce in Hong Kong markets.

Case Study on Launch of Water Park Essay Example for Free

Case Study on Launch of Water Park Essay The International Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions (IAAPA) announced Asian Attractions Expo (AAE) 2014 will take place at the China National Convention Center (CNCC) in Beijing 17-20 June 2014. Since 1997, Asian Attractions Expo has been the premier international trade show and conference for the multibillion-dollar leisure and attractions industry in Asia. â€Å"IAAPA is looking forward to bringing Asian Attractions Expo to China,† IAAPA Vice President, Asia Pacific Operations Andrew Lee said. â€Å"The attractions industry within China is growing at a rapid pace with several attractions recently completed and a number of other major amusement parks in development, making its capital city, Beijing, a logical choice to host AAE 2014. † â€Å"Beijing’s experience as host to the 2008 Olympic Games, its area tourist attractions, and its history and diverse culture make it a perfect backdrop for Asian Attractions Expo, the attractions industry’s fastest growing trade show and conference in the region,† said IAAPA President and CEO Paul Noland. Owners, operators, manufacturers, and suppliers will conduct business, learn, and network More than 5,000 attractions industry professionals from more than 60 nations are expected to participate in the event. The trade show floor will showcase products from more than 250 companies from around the world in more than 100 categories, including amusement and theme park rides; architectural and design services; and coin-operated games, skill games, and redemption prizes. The trade show floor is the place for CEOs, directors, general managers and senior managers of amusement and theme parks, water parks, zoos, aquariums, museums, family entertainment centers, casinos and resorts to experience what’s new in the attractions industry and purchase attractions and services to enhance the guest experience and increase revenue at their facilities. The event will include education sessions related to safety, operations, and management presented by worldwide industry leaders in each discipline. Session discussions will center on industry trends and best practices, and throughout the week participants will network with colleagues to strengthen longtime business relationships and establish new partnerships. WWA offers webinar on Affordable Care Act BY AMUSEMENT TODAY | FEBRUARY 25, 2013 The World Waterpark Association will broadcast a live webinar on March 6, 2013, at 2 p. m. ET with a session on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, brought to you by the WWA’s Government Relations Committee and the WWA Insurance Program and its partner agency, Haas Wilkerson Insurance. The Affordable Care Act: What It Means For Waterpark Operators Healthcare expert Dennis Maggart will deliver a presentation on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) that was signed into law in 2010. Many of the major changes are scheduled to be enacted on January 1 of 2014. Maggart will speak to World Waterpark Association members on how these new laws may affect your company. The seasonal nature of the waterpark business and the amount of part-time and temporary labor the industry hires makes compliance with many of these new requirements very challenging. This webinar will be very useful in helping you with your compliance and in developing a strategy to deal with these new rules and regulations. Dennis Maggert is President of McInnes Maggart Consulting Group, located in Fairway, Kan. , McInnes Maggart Consulting Group is a strategic partner of Haas Wilkerson Insurance. There is no cost to attend this webinar. However, space is limited for the live event and turnout is expected to be strong, so register today and sign-in at least 5 minutes before the event begins. To register visit the webinar registraton web page.

UK Precious and Non-ferrous Metals Market Size

UK Precious and Non-ferrous Metals Market Size BASIC PRECIOUS AND NON-FERROUS METALS IN UK – ANALYSIS Headlines Basic precious and non-ferrous metals market size in the UK contracted by 7% in 2013 due to decrease in aluminium, gold, silver, platinum and copper prices 51% increase in industry’s turnover was driven by the growing demand from automotive industry accounting for 14% of B2B purchases and aircraft and spacecraft industry accounting for 8% In 2013 a new Scrap Metal Dealers Act has been introduced implementing more effective licensing for scrap dealers and extending the ban for buying scrap for cash in order to decrease the level of metal theft Basic precious and non-ferrous metals production in the UK is expected to grow by marginal less than 1% over 2013-2019 due to growing volumes of precious metals and increasing prices of platinum and palladium Market Trends The basic precious and non-ferrous metals market in UK contracted by 7.3% in 2013 to  £12.9 billion. The market shrunk due to the declining global prices of basic metals including aluminium, copper and precious metals. Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers accounted for 14% of purchases in industry in 2013. The latter share experienced a 17% growth over 2013. In 2013 UK car production increased by 5% whereas sales grew by 10% respectively.[1] Higher vehicle production and increasing use of aluminium determined that aluminium accounted for the largest share – 32% of the UK market in 2013 totalling in  £4.1 billion. Its share increased by 22% over the year. Automotive industry gained from lower aluminium prices as it decreased by 8.7% to a US$1,847 per metric ton in the end of 2013[2]. Decline was experienced due to the surplus of global production as demand for aluminium in China and Eurozone has slowed down.[3] Market structure of metal ores has been changing permanently as demand of aluminium in UK automotive industry continued to increase. Automotive companies have been looking into ways to reduce CO2 emissions in order to comply with new EU standards. Aluminium is a solution to reduce vehicle weight and improve emissions. As a consequence in 2013 Land Rover announced construction of new plant for production of aluminium chassis that will cost GBP1.5 billion signalling new era for automotive industry raw material suppliers. Growing automotive industry in UK has positively affected the demand for platinum and palladiums as these precious metals are used in production of auto catalysts. The global price of the platinum declined by 10% due to the surplus in the market.[4] Palladium global price increased by 2% as palladium experienced a 7th year of deficit in the market.[5]Due to the improving economic performance in the UK and increasing customer trust, precious metals recorded a 36% drop in the value of its market size. Growing strength in equities decreased the demand for precious metals that has been viewed as a reliable substitute for the investment earlier.[6] Global price of gold bullion decreased by 26% to US$1,235 per troy ounce. The silver was no exception as the price fell by 36%[7] and reached US$19.6 an ounce.[8] Copper’s market size in UK dropped by 11% accounting for 15% of the total market size of the industry in 2013. Its value stood at  £1.9 billion. The fall was driven by the decline in international copper price that dropped to US$7,332 per metric ton in December 2013 recording a decline of 7.9%.[9] This was due to the slowdown in China’s economy and growing stocks of copper which reached their peak since 2003 in London’s Metal Exchange.[10] Aircraft and spacecraft industry accounted for 8% of the purchases in the industry after increase of 14%. The UK is the second largest civil aerospace sector in the world after the US exporting approximately 75% of its production.[11]Aerospace industry contributes 8% to the UK’s GDP on average. Therefore, in 2013 the Government announced a funding of  £2.1 billion towards saving over 100,000 workplaces in the aerospace sector boosting the aerospace industry and demand of metals generated by it.[12] In 2013 industry’s imports accounted for 86% of the UK’s basic precious and non-ferrous metals market. The value of imports grew by 26% and totalled to  £17.3 billion over the year. Precious metals accounted for 41% of imports and made largest share after a 51% growth over 2013. The main reason for growth was soaring 11 times higher exports of gold to Switzerland and China.[13] Production Trends Domestic production of basic and non-ferrous metals recorded a 51% growth over 2013 totalling to  £9.2 billion. Precious metals accounted for 44% of the turnover experiencing an astonishing 99% increase over the year. Aluminium also recorded a 30% growth in its turnover accounting for 18% of total industry’s turnover. Production of precious metals almost doubled and totalled to  £4 billion in 2013 due to the soaring exports of gold over 2013. In addition, the production was supported by growing automotive industry in UK and the world as platinum and palladium are used in production of auto catalysts. The growth of aluminium turnover was determined by increase in volume as prices of aluminium in global market declined by 8.7% in the end of 2013. The price decreased due to oversupply of aluminium as the demand growth in the main aluminium consumption markets, China and Eurozone, has slowed down. The increase was also driven by the growth of housing sector in the UK which in turn recorded an increase due to the government stimulus program and foreign investments. [14] UK’s metal recycling industry is the most advanced recycle segment in the country worth  £5.6 billion. Approximately 13 million tons of scrap metal is being processed annually[15]. In December, 2013 new Scrap Metal Dealers Act has been introduced replacing the one valid since 1964. According to it, more effective licensing for scrap dealers will be implemented and a ban to buy scrap for cash will be extended to decrease the level of metal thievery in the country.[16] Costs from mining of metal ore in the industry increased by 40% over 2013 reaching  £888 million. Costs grew due to surged demand of gold. Though electricity accounted for only 3% of the B2B costs in the industry, its share saw a 46% increase. As average price of electricity for industrial users grew by 4% over 2013, rise in costs was driven by higher quantity of metal refined. The average price grew by 6 cents (or 4 cents in real terms) accounting for 7.77 pence per kWh. From July to December the industrial price of electricity was the 4th highest in the EU15. [17] Labour costs accounted for a marginal 6% share of total costs in the industry after experiencing an increase of 17%. The increase was induced by the 12% increase in average annual wages in the industry as well as 5% increase in number of employees in 2013. Exports accounted for 85% of product output in 2013 and totalled to  £18.4 billion. It recorded an increase of 114%. The exports were concentrated with Switzerland being the main trade partner with 62% of total exports. The main reason for export growth was soaring 11 times higher exports of gold over 2013. [18] The main destination for gold was Switzerland where gold was exported to be re-melted and sold to consumers in Asia, namely China, India and UAE[19]. The industry of basic precious and nonferrous metals recorded a 126% increase in its profits which stood at  £537 million in 2013. The profitability stood at 6% of turnover. It was positively affected by increased gold exports. In addition, UK’s market players continued the reduction of their operational costs and improvement of competitiveness in the market through resource efficiency programmes and disinvestments in non-core businesses. Competitive Landscape The top 5 companies in the basic precious and non-ferrous metals industry accounted for 36% of total production in the UK in 2013. The leader was Johnson Matthey Plc – with 27% of production. The company was followed by other industry’s players accounting for a less significant share of production: Britannia Refined Metals Ltd (4%), VALE Europe Ltd (3%), Alcan Aluminum UK Ltd (1%), and KME Yorkshire Ltd (1%). Johnson Matthey Plc is a UK-based company that besides specialty in chemicals industry is engaged in recycling of precious metals, mainly platinum group. The company saw growth in all its divisions especially in department of emission control technologies as a new legislation to control emissions from heavy duty diesel vehicles has been introduced in Europe. Therefore, in 2013 the company expanded its production of diesel particulate filters in Royston, UK. Johnson Matthey Plc has also increased it manufacturing capacity of catalysts in Clitheroe, UK.[20] The company opened its new laboratory in Singapore as a part of strategy to expand its presence in Asia. As energy consumption increased by 6% over the financial year, by 2017 one of the company’s aims is to improve its resource efficiency. [21] Britannia Refined Metals Ltd, a subsidiary of Xstrata Plc, is a United Kingdom company engaged in lead and extensive range of lead alloys and silver production. Britannia Refined Metals Ltd facility is located 40 km east of London on the Thames estuary. Xstrata Plc completed the merger with Glencore International Plc in 2013. XstrataGlencore Plc future main projects are expected to be concentrated in segments of copper, nickel, zinc and lead thus providing the ability for volume growth in the upcoming years.[22] Vale Europe Ltd, a subsidiary of Vale SA, is a United Kingdom company engaged in the exploration and production of nickel in the United Kingdom. The company provides iron ores and pellets, copper, manganese, ferroalloys, aluminium, coal, fertilizers, cobalt, precious metals, and logistic services. In the United Kingdom Vale operates precious metals refinery in Acton, Greater London and nickel refinery in Clydach, Wales. In 2013 in order to improve its operations, the company started the partnership with geological research centre British Geological Survey.[23] In addition, as of 2013, the company announced plans to expand its operations in Brazil by adding 160,000 jobs and investing USD63.5 billion by 2016. Alcan Aluminum UK Ltd, a subsidiary of Rio Tinto PLC is a United Kingdom company, which is engaged in production of aluminium. Rio Tinto PLC operates smelters located in the United Kingdom in Lochaber and Lynemouth. The company was active in its global cost reductions through disinvestments therefore underlying earnings grew by US$ 392 million over 2013. However, recent proposals for warehousing rules from LME are expected to put a pressure on company’s regional earnings.[24] It has also informed about plans to invest C$14.8 million in a smelting site in Quebec, Canada in September, 2014. KME Yorkshire Ltd is engaged in manufacturing of various copper tubes like plain, plastics coated and special finish. The company has sold copper plumbing tubes manufacturing business in Liverpool, UK for  £18 million to Mueller Europe Ltd in February, 2014. After the deal, KME Yorkshire Ltd is expected to continue to handle all commercial activities of KME Group in UK.[25] Prospects Basic precious and non-ferrous metals production in the UK is anticipated to increase by less than 1% over the period of 2013-2019. The growth will be mainly driven by 1% increase in production of precious metals. Anticipated growth of platinum and palladium prices is expected to boost the industry further. Production of precious metals will decline by 14% in 2014 as mainly production of gold stabilizes after a surge. The industry will revert back to normal level after a gold bullion demand shock originated in China. The decline will be reassured by 2.5% in gold price, 19% silver and 12% decrease in platinum price. Vehicle production is expected to grow by 2.6% in 2014 due to increase in quantity. Consequently, demand of metals will increase with aluminium in the lead. Growth of aluminium demand will also be driven by tightening CO2 emission requirements and increasing demand of fuel efficient vehicles. Though, demand of fuel economy might slightly decline as fuel prices decline in second half of 2014 but regulations will still require a decline of emissions. Automotive industry will slightly boost precious metals segment as demand for platinum and palladium grows. Aircraft industry in UK is expected to decline by 2.6% in 2014 causing lower demand of aluminium. The increasing use of composites instead of aluminium in manufacture of airplanes will further deteriorate aluminium market causing a total of 10% decline in aluminium production in 2014 despite increasing demand from automotive industry [1] [2] France 272 [3] http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-05-20/news/39393012_1_aluminium-production-tonnes-10-6-kg [4] http://www.kitco.com/news/2014-05-02/Platinum-Price-To-Average-1457Oz-In-2014-Palladium-793-GFMS.html [5] http://www.lppm.com/statistics.aspx?comm=ptt=dailyy=2013 [6] http://www.cnbc.com/id/101253055#. [7] http://www.marketwatch.com/story/gold-surges-20-silver-rebounds-after-dismal-2013-2014-01-02 [8] http://moneymorning.com/2015/01/02/silver-prices-this-year-fell-20-heres-why/?gated_signup=truegateType=2 [9] France 272 [10] http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-30/copper-prices-falling-on-china-slowdown-europe-concerns-1-.html [11] http://www.theengineer.co.uk/aerospace/in-depth/reasons-to-be-cheerful-about-the-uk-aerospace-sector/1017274.article [12] http://www.greencarcongress.com/2013/07/apc-20130712.html [13] https://www.bullionvault.com/gold-news/uk-gold-exports-022020142 [14] http://www.out-law.com/articles/2014/january/uk-construction-industry-optimistic-of-growth-in-2014-but-experts-warn-of-unsustainable-recovery/ [15] http://www.local.gov.uk/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=7ca891f9-228e-47b9-a561-d6953d660597groupId=10180 [16] http://onlinenewsroom.co.uk/bmra/uncategorized/metals-recycling-industry-welcomes-%E2%80%98new-era%E2%80%99/ [17] https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/296011/QEP_March_2014.pdf p.9,29, 34 [18] https://www.bullionvault.com/gold-news/uk-gold-exports-022020142 [19] http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/08/19/uk-gold-uk-exports-macquarie-idUKBRE97I0PQ20130819 [20] http://www.advfn.com/news_Johnson-Matthey-PLC-Half-Yearly-Report_60113845.html [21] http://www.matthey.com/documents/pdfs/2013_14/annual-report/jm-ar-2014.pdf p.3,4,12,13 [22] http://www.glencore.com/assets/investors/doc/reports_and_results/2013/GLEN-2013-Annual-Report.pdf p.198,46 [23] http://www.vale.com/en/aboutvale/across-world/pages/default.aspx [24] http://www.riotinto.com/annualreport2013/performance/aluminium.html [25] http://www.kme.com/en/pressrelease/detail/1030

Ebonics :: essays research papers fc

EBONICS Ebonics, also known as Black English, is a nonstandard dialect spoken in many homes in the inner cities of America. This nonstandard language is often looked upon as low-class or lazy talk. This is not the case, however. Due to consistencies found in the dialect, there seems to be an order. It has been found that, when learning English, African-Americans adapted the language using some of the structure and rules of their own native tongue. This Black English has carried on through slavery and then freedom for hundreds of years. Although there is a coexistence of more than two dialects in our society, those in power forget the flexibility of our language and see no other way than the use of Standard English. Although many Americans tend to scorn any careless variation of the Standard English, flexibility of the language is, perhaps, a main reason for its survival. In 1905, a Danish scholar and great authority on English, Otto Jespersen, wrote: English is like an English park, which is laid out seemingly without any definite plan, and which you are allowed to walk everywhere according to your own fancy without having a fear a stern keeper enforcing rigorous regulations. (MacNeil 141) This freedom has created the English we speak today. Although a little behind the times, Oxford changes the rules as to what is correct English due to what is being spoken. In English Belongs to Everybody, Robert MacNeil, feels that English has prospered and grown because it was able to accept and absorb change (140). So change in the English language helps it grow, yet the dialect of the inner city blacks in our country is looked upon as a problem. To those in charge, there is no more room for growth. It is apparent that there are many types of dialect within American English. The coexisting of two or more languages, either serving together in the same area or servicing different areas, is as old as language itself (Pei 106). This has happened throughout time and appears to be inevitable. It is impossible to believe an entire country could conform to one language, and then only one dialect of that language. Throughout history societies have survived for some time using different languages until these language barriers tore territories apart. It is apparent how, in America, barriers between dialects separate black men from white men even more than physical conditions.

Albrecht Dürer’s Meisterstiche Essay -- The Meistersteiche of Dürer

Albrecht Dà ¼rer was a German Renaissance artist known for his prints, and books on proportion. For over a hundred years, Knight, Death and Devil,(cat. 1) Saint Jerome in His Study,(cat. 2) and Melencolia I, (cat. 3) have been considered Dà ¼rer’s Meisterstiche, or â€Å"master prints.†1 There are several different interpretations of these 3 engravings, the imagery with in them, and their relation to each other. These Master Prints are probably the most written about of Dà ¼rer’s work. In the year 2014, we are at the 500-year anniversary of the creation of Melencolia I, and Saint Jerome in His Study, they still remain provocative, and mysterious. Albrecht Dà ¼rer was born in 1471 to Albrecht Dà ¼rer the Elder, a goldsmith in Nuremburg, Germany. He was an adept draftsman at a very young age; this is obvious when observing his Self Portrait at Thirteen. (cat 4) When he reached fifteen years old he started to apprentice as an artist under Michael Wolgemut. After three years as his apprentice he traveled around Europe and also trained in Venice.2 He melded the idealism of the Italians with the realism and symbolism of the Germans. While his paintings were remarkable, his real impression was left by his printmaking.3 Dà ¼rer used both woodcut, and engraving techniques to create art prints that were easily reproduced, and spread to the masses. Woodcuts consist of carving away the negative space on a wood block leaving a relief that will be inked and then pressed with damp paper. Gold and metal workers had been using engraving probably since the dawn of civilization to decorate jewelry and armor. Shortly before Dà ¼rer’s time it was developed as a method of printmaking. In this technique a burin is used to carve away the lines that the artist wants to... ...eflections on archetypal images. Cologne: Taschen, 2010. 132. Print. Clark Institute. "DÃÅ"RER'S SYMBOLISM."The Strange World of Albrecht Dà ¼rer. Sterling and Franchise Clark Institue, n.d. Web. 2 May 2014. . U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Four Humors - And there's the humor of it: Shakespeare and the four humors." U.S National Library of Medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 19 Sept. 2013. Web. 1 May 2014. fourhumors.html> Hideko, Ishizu. "Another Solution to the Polyhedron in Dà ¼rer's Melencholia: A Visual demonstration of the Delian Problem." Aesthetics No. 13 (2009): 179-194. Japanese Society for Aesthetics . Web. 1 May 2014.

C-span, The Cable Tv Channel :: essays research papers

C-SPAN, the Cable TV channel C-SPAN, the Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network is a medium that truly brings the government to the people. By presenting live and uncut footage of our government in action, the citizens of the United States can get a bit closer to what the founding fathers had in mind when they created our government. C-SPAN is truly a unique channel amongst the mass of today's viewing options. C-SPAN was launched March 19, 1979, "to provide live, gavel to gavel coverage of the United States House of Representatives."1, but the enterprise has been expanded beyond the original one channel and now utilizes several mediums to reach its goal. The originator of this idea of bringing government into peoples' homes was Brian Lamb, who in addition to being the chairman and CEO of C-SPAN, is also a host on many of C-SPAN's programs. Brian's primary belief is that people should be able to see government in action without soundbites, computer maps, models, images, music, and news anchor commentary. Brian feels that if people can see government in action without the normal clutter, then they can more easily make decisions for themselves about politics and the workings of their government. In addition to C-SPAN, a second channel, C-SPAN2 has also been created. C-SPAN2 is committed to providing live and uncut coverage of the U.S. Senate when it is in session. C-SPAN2 continues the tradition of the original channel by giving an even wider unfiltered and unplugged view of our government in action. In addition to video, C-SPAN also has 2 different audio networks that broadcast international and American political content, unfiltered and uncut. Also, C-SPAN has moved into the computer world and has established a homepage to provide information to people about its services, as well as receive feedback from viewers via email. One of the most unique aspects of C-SPAN is that all of its services are offered totally commercial free. C-SPAN is paid for by cable and satellite operators who each pay a per-subscriber fee to C-SPAN when the channels are carried on their cable systems. C-SPAN does sell merchandise bearing its logo, such as coffee mugs, T-shirts, and hats, however these are certainly intended as advertising for the network itself rather than a direct source of income. As of July 1995, C-SPAN is received by over 64.3 million or 71 percent of U.S. households, and C-SPAN2 is received by over 41.1 million or 46 percent of U.S. households. C-SPAN is distributed primarily through cable TV systems, however it can also received by both analog and digital satellite receivers.

Cild psycology

According to social learning theorists what Is the major way In which moral behaviors are learnt. Social learning theory posits that learning Is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction,even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement and on addition to the observation of behavior is governed solely by reinforcements by placing emphasis on the important roles of various internal processes In the learning individual. Q)according to psychoanalytic theory what Is the critical event in the development of morality. He summonsing of the doodles complex the child will have to realize that Insets(love for the opposite sex parent)l's forbidden and that is just the beginning now the child will also have to internals parental authority. Q)stealing-for a creditable motive-for selfish gain lying-an obvious exaggeration that no-one would be deceived by-intentional and convincing lie that does deceive an adult. Lying-an honest mistake whose uniqueness unfavorable affect an adult-a deliberate lie which, by chances does not cause any real Inconvenience.Q)place each of the 6 statements a-f under appropriate heading of heterogamous morality and autonomous morality. Heterogamous morality *lies to adults were worse than lies to children. *took little notice of intention. *made little differentiation between lies to adults and lies to peers. Autonomous morality *took Intention into account. *lying is wrong in itself. *lies are wrong because you get punished for them. Q)LA-pre-moral or presentational morality -childrearing rules to avoid punishment and conform to obtain rewards and favors returned and children follow rules when it is In their best interest.Q-conventional morality-children conform to avoid disapproval and dislike by others they also have respect for authority and a desire to avoid disapproval,the children value trust, loyalty,respect and gratitude. B-post-conventional-child ren conform to democratically accept the law and also to avoid self-condemnation,they are aware that there are different views ND values and are relative,when there are differences between law and conscience,conscience over rules in the final stage shows the development of the individual conscience.Q)we have Just started that Gallagher stages are in invariant order, what does this mean. Goldberg was Interested In how morality develop,that is at what age and in what order to children develop their understanding of right and wrong. Gallery argued that while different moral concepts appeared in different ages in different children,the order in which these concepts appeared was always the name across children,so every child who understood stage 2, moral principals had to first pass through stage 1 moral principals. His idea that moral concepts appeared In the same sequence In different children-l's the Idea of Invariant order that Is,the sequence, children always go stage 1 to 2 to stag e 3 and so forth,they do not skip stages or move through them in mixed up orders,not all children necessarily reach the highest stage,they might lack intellectual stimulation,but to the extent they do go through the stages,they proceed in order.

Doris Lessing’s “To Room 19” Symbols

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East Timor Assignment

Term 4 Economics Essay –Jack Stickley East Timor is a country surrounded by a picturesque and untouched landscape that has inhabited people for centuries. In today’s society however, East Timor has been economically left behind in comparison to other western world super powers. As the country attempts to rebuild its national identity following their separation from the Indonesia regime, certain obstacles threaten to stop their progress to become a developed nation.Least Developed Countries (LDC’s) can be commonly categorized by their lack of infrastructure and residential development, and visibly through the contrast to well developed countries of the Western world. The United Nations use the following criteria to identify LDC’s. Firstly, a low-income criterion based on a three-year average estimate of the GDP per capita, East Timor’s is under the required amount of $750 at $500. Secondly, a human resource weakness criterion involving a composite Au gmented Physical Quality of Life Index (APQLI), currently in East Timor the adult literacy rate is at 58. % a meek figure in comparison to Australia, a developed country, whose figure is 99%. Finally, there is an economic vulnerability criterion focusing on the instability certain factors including exports and agriculture. East Timor’s trade is out of balance with exports reaching $10 million as apposed to a large import figure of $202 million and, while the Timorese use their land effectively there is only 8. 2% of land area considered to be arable land for agriculture.These figures display that East Timor has the characteristics of a LDC as they continue to be economically undeveloped. East Timor is struggling to emerge onto the global stage as the country has been troubled by past incidents that interfere with the nations attempt to develop economically. The country faces immediate obstacles including agricultural difficulties, the lack of infrastructure due to their previ ous destruction and political unrest and corruption.There is a significantly small amount of skilled Labor in East Timor especially in the urban areas, which is why it is difficult to rebuild many parts of the country destroyed at the end of the Indonesian regime. The country is divided by different religions, traditions and language spoken making it difficult to have an equal economic system. Although primarily an agricultural country, in the past 30 years the economy has been structured to be dependant on external transfers, even for food.East Timor has serious problems of illiteracy; malnutrition and disease, problems that will be intensify in the future due to the anticipated rapid population growth of this youthful population. 70% of the population support themselves by subsistence agriculture including crop farming and fishing, meaning much of the exchange is in the form of barter. Due to East Timor’s relatively poor and fragile soils, constant population relocation and disruption due to colonial laws, production is low but marginally within the bounds of sustainability.East Timor is now faced with the challenges of the decrease in the flow of foreign direct investment (FDI) to developing countries, the decrease in global official development assistance (ODA) and the decrease in trade preferences. A major dilemma for East Timor is to regain an adequate standard of living and with a greater degree of self-sufficiency; a rather difficult task. For East Timor the challenge of achieving economic stability and development is certainly a daunting prospect.When taking steps forward economically it is essential that innovative strategies are produced and an alternative non-western development culture is created. With the world gripped by oil shortage The Timor Sea Treaty, which is split 90% to 10% in favour of Timor, will be useful in the development of the country. Accessing income is currently difficult for workers and therefore they don’t have t he capacity to invest or save what they do earn, but income can be earned and received through providing services and withholding this income from third parties that may interfere. East Timor is in desperate need of foreign dollars.A dependence on aid in the short term with an increased reliance on services in the medium to long term rather than the export of agricultural and manufactured commodities may be an optimum strategy for East Timor. Entrepreneurial skills need to be developed through a strong education system. Continued external support is required as the building blocks for East Timor to develop economically. The Government also has a significant role to play as it is crucial that the country adopts Macroeconomic policies which also generate productive work and income opportunities to develop sustainable livelihoods.It is important that the poor are assisted in their efforts to improve their farming and commodity production. East Timor is currently a country with economic , social and political difficulties and is a country that is fighting back following a difficult phase in the countries political life. However, if assistance is gained from other supporting countries, service and non-production activities gain majority in the economy the nation should be able to develop and be considered as a developed country. East Timor Assignment Term 4 Economics Essay –Jack Stickley East Timor is a country surrounded by a picturesque and untouched landscape that has inhabited people for centuries. In today’s society however, East Timor has been economically left behind in comparison to other western world super powers. As the country attempts to rebuild its national identity following their separation from the Indonesia regime, certain obstacles threaten to stop their progress to become a developed nation.Least Developed Countries (LDC’s) can be commonly categorized by their lack of infrastructure and residential development, and visibly through the contrast to well developed countries of the Western world. The United Nations use the following criteria to identify LDC’s. Firstly, a low-income criterion based on a three-year average estimate of the GDP per capita, East Timor’s is under the required amount of $750 at $500. Secondly, a human resource weakness criterion involving a composite Au gmented Physical Quality of Life Index (APQLI), currently in East Timor the adult literacy rate is at 58. % a meek figure in comparison to Australia, a developed country, whose figure is 99%. Finally, there is an economic vulnerability criterion focusing on the instability certain factors including exports and agriculture. East Timor’s trade is out of balance with exports reaching $10 million as apposed to a large import figure of $202 million and, while the Timorese use their land effectively there is only 8. 2% of land area considered to be arable land for agriculture.These figures display that East Timor has the characteristics of a LDC as they continue to be economically undeveloped. East Timor is struggling to emerge onto the global stage as the country has been troubled by past incidents that interfere with the nations attempt to develop economically. The country faces immediate obstacles including agricultural difficulties, the lack of infrastructure due to their previ ous destruction and political unrest and corruption.There is a significantly small amount of skilled Labor in East Timor especially in the urban areas, which is why it is difficult to rebuild many parts of the country destroyed at the end of the Indonesian regime. The country is divided by different religions, traditions and language spoken making it difficult to have an equal economic system. Although primarily an agricultural country, in the past 30 years the economy has been structured to be dependant on external transfers, even for food.East Timor has serious problems of illiteracy; malnutrition and disease, problems that will be intensify in the future due to the anticipated rapid population growth of this youthful population. 70% of the population support themselves by subsistence agriculture including crop farming and fishing, meaning much of the exchange is in the form of barter. Due to East Timor’s relatively poor and fragile soils, constant population relocation and disruption due to colonial laws, production is low but marginally within the bounds of sustainability.East Timor is now faced with the challenges of the decrease in the flow of foreign direct investment (FDI) to developing countries, the decrease in global official development assistance (ODA) and the decrease in trade preferences. A major dilemma for East Timor is to regain an adequate standard of living and with a greater degree of self-sufficiency; a rather difficult task. For East Timor the challenge of achieving economic stability and development is certainly a daunting prospect.When taking steps forward economically it is essential that innovative strategies are produced and an alternative non-western development culture is created. With the world gripped by oil shortage The Timor Sea Treaty, which is split 90% to 10% in favour of Timor, will be useful in the development of the country. Accessing income is currently difficult for workers and therefore they don’t have t he capacity to invest or save what they do earn, but income can be earned and received through providing services and withholding this income from third parties that may interfere. East Timor is in desperate need of foreign dollars.A dependence on aid in the short term with an increased reliance on services in the medium to long term rather than the export of agricultural and manufactured commodities may be an optimum strategy for East Timor. Entrepreneurial skills need to be developed through a strong education system. Continued external support is required as the building blocks for East Timor to develop economically. The Government also has a significant role to play as it is crucial that the country adopts Macroeconomic policies which also generate productive work and income opportunities to develop sustainable livelihoods.It is important that the poor are assisted in their efforts to improve their farming and commodity production. East Timor is currently a country with economic , social and political difficulties and is a country that is fighting back following a difficult phase in the countries political life. However, if assistance is gained from other supporting countries, service and non-production activities gain majority in the economy the nation should be able to develop and be considered as a developed country.

Analysis of “Where Does the Temple Begin. Where Does It End?” by Mary Oliver

Sultan Qaboos University- Language Centre FPEL EEAL0560 Poetry Project File Analysis of â€Å"Where Does the Temple Begin. Where does it end? † by Mary Oliver [pic] Name: Eman Amer Salim AL-amri . ID Number:102400. Section: 350 . Submitted to : Nicholas Hilmers. Where Does the Temple Begin, Where Does It End? There are things you can’t reach. But you can reach out to them, and all day long. The wind, the bird flying away. The idea of God. And it can keep you as busy as anything else, and happier. The snake slides away; the fish jumps, like a little lily, out of the water and back in; the goldfinches sing from the unreachable top of the tree.I look; morning to night I am never done with looking. Looking I mean not just standing around, but standing around as though with your arms open. And thinking: maybe something will come, some shining coil of wind, or a few leaves from any old tree –they are all in this too. And now I will tell you the truth. Everything in the world comes. At least, closer. And, cordially. Like the nibbling, tinsel-eyed fish; the unlooping snake. Like goldfinches, little dolls of gold fluttering around the corner of the sky of God, the blue air. Glossary: Lily: â€Å"type of plant that grows from a bulb and that has large white or coloured flowers†.Finch: â€Å"is a small bird with strong beak†. The poem where does the temple begin, where does it end? Was Written by Mary Oliver and Published in 2004 by Beacon Press in the book Why I Wake early. Mary Oliver is one of the most famous American poets. She was born s on September 10, 1935 Maple Heights, Ohio. Her job is poet and she has taught at several universities. Furthermore she won the Pulitzer Prize in 1984 the L. L. Win ship/PEN New England Award in 1990 and the National Book Award in 1992, and her essays appeared in Best American Essays 1996, 1998 and 2001. ( www. ikipedia. org) Oliver loves nature and it inspiration and describes the sense of wonder it instills in her. Her creativity is inspired by nature. Moreover Oliver’s poems are filled with lots of imagery and that is because of her daily walks near her home and close to nature. (www. wikipedia. org ) The meaning of the title is a question, about where can you start looking and thinking and wonders about a miraculous things in nature (animals, wind, plant†¦ etc. ) and where you stop doing that. She uses the word temple to give the idea that the nature is a sacred thing .The main theme of the poem is that the writer wants us (the readers) to look at nature with a sense of exploration. Everything will come to you in the end, whether it is something you want to discover in nature or in other meaning you want to achieve it in your life. There are 15 lines in the poem. The speaker is a woman, probably the poet herself. The rhythm of the poem is fast and energetic. The poem doesn’t have a rhyme scheme. There are four similes and one metaphor in the poem. This po em is all about the nature and a sense of wonder.In the first two lines, the speaker tells us that there are somethings you can’t have. You can’t reach them. Even if you try all day long, you will not reach all of them, for example, some birds in the top the tree or some beautiful fish in a pond. Maybe she also means that there are some dreams you will not be able to achieve all of. Even if you try and work hard to achieve them for several years, you can’t make them all happen. However, you still can have some faith that you may be able to reach some of them if you want it deeply.Line 3 describes the wonderful things that you can see in nature that are made by god. Line 4 tells us that all these amazing creatures were made by of god . Line 5 continues from line 3-4 the feeling that all this nature that god created can keep you busy and wondering about the greatness of nature’s creation. As busy as anything else is a simile, which means that nature can cap ture a lots of your time. Just looking at it and the variety of the creatures that you can see in nature can captivate your soul and brain for you sense of happiness and joyfulness.In line 6 the writer gives us an image in the phrase the snake slides away. Here the writer describes the wonderful movement of a snake that can make you carious to know how it is created. Furthermore in the same line the speaker give us a simile when she describes the jumping of a fish like a little lily which is â€Å"type of plant that grows from a bulb and that has large white or coloured flowers†. ( Oxford dictionary 2006)The writer also gives us another great image of nature :The gold finches sing from the unreachable top of the tree .Here unreachable top of the tree is connected to the first line of the poem where there are things you can’t reach even if you want to like the gold finches who sing from a far place. In line 7 the writer invites us to look at nature by saying I look and then saying morning to night where she means she looks at nature all day long without feeling bored or done with looking. In line 8 the writer tells us that in line 7 when she said looking she didn’t mean just standing around in nature, but standing around as though with your arms open .Here I think the writer means that your mind should be open and think about what god created . In line 9 the poet extends this idea by saying that when you stand around with your mind open and working, maybe something will come to you, for example, a shining coil of wind. Maybe she means some air which will give you an energetic spirit. Moreover when Oliver says few leaves from any old tree, maybe she means that it may be you in your childhood or any old memory. In Line 10 the writer wants to get our attention by saying I will tell you the truth as if she will tell us secret or give us advice.In Lines 11-12 Oliver explains that, by saying everything in the world comes and I think she means her e that anything you want will come to you ( you will achieve it ) and will happen for you . The phrase at least, closer means at a closer time. In line 13 she completes lines 11-12by saying that the things that will happen, will happen cordially (in a friendly way). In line 14 Oliver uses simile in the phrase like the nibbling; tinsel –eyed fish; the unlooping snake. Oliver focuses on the state of these animals just to let us imagine with her the small details.Line 15 also has simile in the phrase like gold finches which means that the birds (gold finches) will also come at least in the end, and here lines 13-14 are related to line 11. In the phrase little dolls of gold Oliver uses a metaphor, saying that the gold finches are like small dolls. Moreover fluttering around the corner of the sky of god means moving and flying in the area of the sky which belongs to the god , and the blue air refers to the sky were you will see the gold finches flying. In conclusion, where does th e temple begin?Where does it end? is a poem that is about nature. Furthermore it has some hope and supports us because in my opinion experiencing at nature and having some new air can change your mood and your feeling. This poem is one of the best poems I have read because I like the nature and animals and it reminds me about my town Salalah. However, the poem lacks the rhyme scheme element which is in my opinion a weakness in the poem. Furthermore it has simple words and actually it has an energetic spirit. Moreover nature is always my favorite theme. Bibliography:Oxford dictionary Oxford University Press 2006 printed in china www. panhala. net/Archive/Index. htmlRetrieved on 19112012 (the poem) Retrieved on 21112012 www. wikipedia. org Retrieved on 24112012 Oliver is book† Why I Wake early† www. amazon. com Retrieved by Tina Silva on 1122012 collection of Oliver is poems http://rinabeana. com/poemoftheday/index. php/category/mary-oliver Retrieved on 3122012 an article by Ratner Rochelle written on Apr 15, 2006 www. connection. ebscohost. com Retrieved on 12122012 Image for Oliver www. google. com [pic]

In the light of this comment, consider the legal and political Essay

In the light of this comment, consider the legal and political relationship between the EU and NATO - Essay Example This may outdate the need for NATO as an alliance, rather a straight-forward agreement between North America and the EU as a whole. Therefore the first section will illustrate and examine the security problems and how they cause problems for the EU to fight organized crime and terrorism, asking whether NATO is outdated. The second section will then deal with how the EU combats terrorism amd organized crime and considers whether it will ever be successful. Finally, this section will consider the problems that terrorism pose to the EU's and whether its relationship with NATO is an integral part to security and intelligence considerations in this area and its importance of success. This joint NATO and EU effort was seen as a highly successful strategy in the fight against the Taliban by the freezing of Afghani bank accounts, also illegal workers have been stopped by the EU Directive governing the ability to work, i.e. the need to show appropriate ID to show entitlement to work within th e EU.2 The EU has seen increased problems with organized crime which comes from the opening of borders and promoting a union of states. This problem has intensified since the enlargement of the EU because a lot of the post-communist nations have had over 10 years to promote organized crime. In addition there is the added problems that the events of September 11th 2001 and have caused in respect to Islamic organized crime groups funding terrorist attacks. Therefore organized crime is no longer a domestic crime problem for the EU in respect to financial and service trafficking but is threatening the military security of the EU and the individual nations within. Therefore it is important that this section dealing with security focuses on the problems of enlargement, especially in respect to the Eastern European ascending nations and Cyprus which may cause instability in respect to Islamic terrorist and organized crime groups. This means that a secured security force and relations with NATO ma y be important in the area of intelligence and terrorist threats.3 Enlargement of the EU: Enlargement of the EU is a mixed blessing, because on one hand it is helping to achieve a status of stability and cohesiveness throughout the region. On the other hand, there are concerns that in making the Union larger will in fact de-stabilize the region making it harder for the EU to ensure security and this increase the difficulties for the EU to fight crime, especially organized crime.4 This is due to prejudice of certain groups which would have free access in the region, one such group are the Roma Gypsy migrants from Slovakia. In the past few months the newspapers have displayed the concerns of the British public and politicians about these migrants when the nation joins the EU. Therefore this introduces the question whether the EU really respects the integrity of cultural difference Other problems include the possible de-stabilizing of the economy by incorporating smaller,

Selection of US Supreme Court Justices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Selection of US Supreme Court Justices - Essay Example Constitution Article 3 Section 1") The US Supreme Court Justice System is on par in terms of power and influence as the President and the Senate. The US Supreme Court is mandated to uphold the Constitution in any issue. It is to determine the constitutionality of a ruling rather than the determination of innocence or guilt, or the legality of an issue. It is thus of extreme importance that a Supreme court judge be thoroughly cognizant of the US Constitution and to be able to set aside ideologies whether social, political or cultural. Special interest groups should have no hand in influencing the selection process. (Salvato, 2005) The first nine Supreme Court Justices were named in 1789, but it was not until 1816 that the Senate authorized the formation of the Committee on the Judiciary for the explicit purpose of considering and confirming (or rejecting) the nomination of an associate or chief justice for the Supreme Court. It was only at this time that some sort of check and balance was deemed necessary because of t he lack of specificity of the terms of the Constitution regarding the selection of justices. It gave the president too much leeway in selecting a nominee and left the confirmation of such an important post to the whims of a directionless Senate, who is supposed to "advice and consent". Note that deliberate and investigate is not included in this definition of the Senate's role in the justice selection. However, wise heads determined in 1816 that even if it was not subscribed in the Constitution, it should be established to confirm the legitimacy of the appointment. The system worked quite well but in 1987 the proceedings became quite contentious enough to arouse public interest. It was in the nomination of Robert Bork and the Roe v. Wade case that the Senate hearings became a matter of public debate. However, no other case has attained this level of public notice with regard to Supreme Court Justice selections since and between 1994 and 2005 was quiet because it was time that the nine members of the Supreme Court remained constant. This ended with the retirement of Justice Sandra Day O'Connor in July of 2005 and the death of Chief Justice William Rehnquist in September of that same year. President Bush found himself in a position compelled to name successors to the two vacancies. President Bush complied by naming John Roberts and first Harriet Miers and then Samuel Alito to fill the positions. (Dorsen, 2006) This sparked renewed interest in the process of selecting and confirming justices to the Supreme Court. This paper seeks to provide an overview of this process as well as the political aspects that has influenced the process in recent years. A brief description of the nominations of Roberts, Miers and Alito will serve as case studies to illustrate the current procedures and p ractices. The Process and the Politics Federal judges are assured of their positions for life or until resignation "during good behavior" as mandated by Article II of the US Constitution. This is to ensure that confirmed judges are free to rule on

The Principles Of The Marketing And Promotion Of Events Essay

The Principles Of The Marketing And Promotion Of Events - Essay Example Before deciding on the marketing approach, it is necessary to ensure that it is aligned with the company’s mission and vision statements (Bowdin et al., 2011). The next principle of strategic marketing planning process for events is referred to research and analysis of both external and internal environments as well as marketing mix analysis. Crowther et al. (2015) recommend embracing a plurality of research methods and adopting multiple research methods. The marketers need to understand various external factors (including political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal) that might have an impact on the company’s strategy. Furthermore, it is important to understand key event attendees, their motivation, demands, and expectations of the event, their lifestyle, interests, leisure needs, etc. (Bladen 2012; Bowdin et al. 2011). Understanding of internal event environment also is important, as well as analysis of current competition (Bowdin et al., 2011) . One of the great tools that can be used is the analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). Thus, for example, while analyzing internal environment for managing mega sports events, it is possible to consider good infrastructure in place, good political standing, volunteers as major strengths, while lack of infrastructure, limited budget, lack of human resources can be viewed as a weakness (Karadakis et al. 2010). Opportunities may include the growth of the tourism industry and increase the quality of life, while threats may vary from pollution to political instability (Karadakis et al. 2010). This information is the valuable tool in hands of marketers as it provides them with further insights on how better to develop strategies and tactics related to event product, its place, processes, partnerships, people, and communication (Getz 2012).

Why was the Nile River important for the rise of successful states in Essay

Why was the Nile River important for the rise of successful states in North Africa - Essay Example The river flows for more than 4000 miles through the Sahara desert, farmlands, swamps, villages, and large cities. Across its length, the Nile divides into several streams to form a delta before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile is regarded as international waters shared among countries along its source, flow, and mouth including Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Ethiopia, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt. Since time in memorial, rivers have shaped the course of human history creating and sustaining great civilisations along its banks. River Nile is the birthplace of the greatest civilisations in the ancient world in Northern Africa and its importance remains vital to date. This paper seeks to highlight the importance of the Nile River for the rise of successful states in North Africa. The Nile forms large water basin along its length that has proven essential to nations in North Africa. The Sahara desert extends to nations serviced by river Nile including Egypt and Sudan creating varying climate regions. In North Africa, Egypt and Sudan receive sparse rainfall while as the south receives heavy downpour, contributing flooding in the north. The floodwaters drain to the north carrying with them fertile soil that formed the foundation of life in North Africa. The regular flooding of the Nile River emptied in valleys leaving them highly fertile and ready for growing season. Ancient civilisations established farming techniques to cater for their population, providing enough food for consumption and excess for trade purposes. Besides the fertile lands, river Nile provided water for irrigation purposes in farms along the river during the dry season. Farmers practised basin irrigation, which was a prolific adjustment of the natural rise and fall of the river where they regulated the flow of floodwaters into the basin through a network of earthen banks along the river. Irrigation allowed cultivation of large tracks of land even during the dry summer to provide food fo r the emerging civilisation. This saw a significant expansion of agricultural practices making Egypt and surrounding settlements the breadbasket for other civilisations such as the Roman Empire. Agricultural production received a boost with the construction of the Aswan High Dam, which saw the water harnessed for irrigation purposes leading to increased food production (Awulachew et al 12). The farmers cultivated wheat, barley, flax, and vegetables while rearing fowl, cattle, sheep, and goats. Agriculture played an important role in the economies of countries along the Nile basin by providing food to sustain the population. The existing government became wealthy and strong among the neighbouring nations leading to prosperity among its population. Owing to the increased production of food, there was an influx of population along the river valleys. The increase in population necessitated amicable governance for a harmonious existence. In addition, the population increase strained avai lable resources leading to the expansion of the existing settlements to accommodate new families. This contributed to the establishment of towns and cities along the fertile valleys of river Nile and with the intensified population growth, the leaders established territories governed through stratified government organs. The Nile River provides a stable source of water for both domestic and industrial use, which ensured a low cost of production of goods and services translating to increased efficiency and level of production. In regard to this, the economy thrives owing social security creating unlimited potential in terms of growth. This is especially because the government can focus on other economic sectors by committing large