Essay --

One third of the United States population complains of insomnia, with about one More than 40% of those suffering from insomnia self-medicate with over the restoration drugs (OTC) or with other substances such as alcohol. 2half of those are saying its serious.1Insomnia is defined by inability to initiate or find pause despite of adequate time and opportunity to sleep which results in daytime impairment.2time its characterized as problems with either sleep onset, sleep maintenance, or non-restorative sleep. Impairments associated with insomnia can lead to impaired cognitive functioning, increase incidence of bodily pain, increased future risk of psychiatricdisorders, increased risk of accidents, and increased healthcare cost.3also have negative health consequences on obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes.4There are four different types of insomnia.2,53 days in duration, most likely cause is acute situational or environmental stressors. Second is short term insomnia less than 3 weeks caused by personal stress of an ongoing nature. Third type is chronic primary insomnia with duration of more than 3 weeks not related to lifestyle may be due to medical causes. at long last the forth type is a chronic secondary insomnia with duration of more than 3 weeks related to lifestyle likely caused psychological illness, substance abuse, behavioral cause(poor sleep hygiene). Secondary chronic insomnia may be caused by comorbid diseases such as heart failure, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, sleep apnea, medications, substance abuse, restless leg syndrome or circadian rhythm sleep disorders. As far as the medications are concerned possible medication classes that cause insomnia are antidepressant... ... choice for sleep onset insomnia. prehend drugs may include zaleplon, zolpidem IR, ramelteon and triazolam. However, rebound insomnia may be a problem with short acting benzodiazepines like triazolam. Moreover, sleep maintenance insomnia are most fittingly trea ted with drugs that have an intermediate duration and no active metabolites to minimize daytime effects such as zolpidem, eszopiclone, temazepam, and estazolam may be enamor choices. Also, zaleplon can be taken after awakening in the night if 4 hr left for sleep. Attached are the tables with drug treatment options for insomnia, and questionnaires to treasure the initial insomnia and post treatment. Nevertheless sedative-hypnotics should only be used in the lowest effective dose (to decrease the next day morning impairment) for a short duration of time in treatment of insomnia.